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House with a Doma|Stylish Residential Approaches|How To
An Ambiguous Zone Connecting Interior and Exterior.
The doma is a rich, ambiguous space that is neither fully exterior nor interior. It allows for activities without removing shoes, making it versatile for tasks such as gardening, bicycle maintenance, and DIY projects. By incorporating the traditional Japanese doma concept into modern residences, the scope of daily living is expanded.
Spacious Earthen Floor Area Extending from the Entrance.
By extending the earthen floor beyond the entrance to the living room and kitchen, a dynamic spatial experience is created. This design enhances practicality by allowing bicycles and strollers to be pushed directly inside and providing a temporary storage area for shopping bags. The earthen floor becomes an integral part of the daily circulation, resulting in a flexible and functional living environment.
Flooring Materials: Mortar and Tiles.
For earthen floors, hard and durable materials such as mortar finishes, tile installations, or exposed aggregate surfaces are suitable. The atmosphere can vary significantly depending on the color and texture, so select materials that harmonize with the overall design of the residence. The choice of material ultimately defines the character of the earthen floor.
Seating Area Utilizing Level Differences.
By incorporating a level difference between the earthen floor and the interior floor, the stepped section serves as a seating area. Occupants can sit on the interior side to put on shoes or sit on the earthen floor side to enjoy views of the garden, enabling versatile usage. The level difference creates a distinct place within the space.
Compatibility with Wood-Burning Stoves.
Installing a wood-burning stove on an earthen floor allows you to leverage the floor's fire-resistant properties. Tasks such as carrying in firewood and cleaning out ashes can be performed on the earthen floor without concern for dirt or damage. The lifestyle centered around the warmth of the fire harmonizes exceptionally well with the earthen floor.
Storage for Bicycles and Motorcycles.
With a dirt floor area, bicycles and motorcycles can be stored indoors. This eliminates concerns about theft and provides protection from rain and wind. Maintenance work can also be performed on the dirt floor, allowing the space to function as an area to enjoy your hobby. The dirt floor thus serves as a garage for your prized vehicles.
Earthen Floor as a Workspace.
For activities that involve dirt and mess, such as DIY projects, pottery, and gardening, an earthen floor provides an ideal workspace. It allows for the use of water and tolerates floor soiling without concern, enabling full concentration on the task at hand. By installing workbenches and shelving, the space can also function effectively as a professional-grade atelier.
Ideal for Living with Pets.
For households with dogs, the earthen floor area allows for wiping paws after walks and storing pet supplies. This space provides a comfortable environment for pets, functioning as an intermediate zone between the interior and exterior. The earthen floor plays a significant role in harmonious living with pets.
Thermal Insulation, Airtightness, and Thermal Environment.
Since the earthen floor tends to become cold during winter, enhancing thermal insulation and airtightness improves comfort. Conversely, it also offers the benefit of feeling cooler in summer. Adjusting the thermal environment according to the seasons is key to ensuring year-round comfort.
Multipurpose functionality enabled by storage shelving.
By installing storage shelves on the walls of the earthen floor area, a variety of items such as shoes, outdoor equipment, tools, and gardening supplies can be organized efficiently. Both open shelves and those with doors can be selected according to the intended use. Enhanced storage capacity improves the functionality of the earthen floor space.
A Place for Family Gatherings.
By integrating the earthen floor area with the dining and living spaces, it becomes a lively place where the family gathers. Placing tables and chairs on the earthen floor allows for dining, children’s play, and other flexible uses. The earthen floor becomes the focal point of daily life.
Fusion of Tradition and Modernity.
The doma is a traditional Japanese space, but by integrating it with contemporary design, a new appeal emerges. Combining modern furniture and lighting creates a unique blend of Japanese and Western aesthetics. While inheriting tradition, create a doma that suits modern living.
Circulation Designed to Leverage Site Characteristics.
The approach from the street to the entrance should be planned by utilizing the site's shape and topographical variations. Whether to design it as a straight path or a gentle curve significantly influences the overall impression. Even with a short distance, incorporating landscaping and steps can create a dynamic and inviting approach that conveys a sense of depth.
Ensuring Appropriate Width.
An approach width of at least 1.2 meters, allowing people to pass each other comfortably, is ideal; however, depending on site conditions, a width of approximately 90 cm can also function adequately. When considering the use of wheelchairs or strollers, it is advisable to secure a wider width. Additionally, taking into account the growth of vegetation, it is recommended to set a margin in the width to accommodate future expansion.
Selection of Flooring Materials.
Materials such as stone, tile, concrete, exposed aggregate, and gravel are critical elements that determine the first impression of a residence's approach flooring. Choosing materials that harmonize with the building's exterior creates a sense of cohesion. Additionally, selecting finishes that provide slip resistance, even on rainy days, is essential for safety.
Consideration for Level Differences and Slopes.
When there is a height difference between the road and the entrance, it is resolved by stairs or ramps. The riser height of stairs should be approximately 15 to 18 cm, and the tread depth should be secured at 30 cm or more to facilitate comfortable ascent and descent. An ideal ramp slope is about 1:12; however, depending on site conditions, variations in gradient may be applied. Lighting design is also crucial to ensure visibility during nighttime.
Creating a Sense of Seasonality with Plantings.
By arranging plantings along the approach, a rich space that reflects the changing seasons is created. Planting a specimen tree beside the entrance and accentuating the ground with shrubs and groundcover generates a refreshing greenery. When selecting tree species, consider their mature size and whether they are deciduous or evergreen.
Creating Nighttime Ambiance through Lighting Design.
By combining multiple lighting elements such as footlights that illuminate pathways upon returning home at night, uplights that highlight landscaping, and gatepost lights, it is possible to achieve both safety and aesthetic appeal. Incorporating motion sensor-activated lighting further enhances security. It is important to avoid excessive brightness and instead focus on creating a soft, inviting illumination.
Consideration for Privacy.
By appropriately shielding views from the street, it is possible to maintain privacy while also achieving a sense of openness. Thoughtful design of the height of gates and fences, as well as the arrangement of plantings, can provide screening effects without creating a closed-off atmosphere. This is especially effective when the entrance door is directly visible from the street, where planning buffer zones with vegetation or structural elements can serve as an effective privacy measure.
Relationship with Parking Spaces.
By clearly delineating the approach and parking spaces, pedestrian safety can be ensured. Changing flooring materials or using curbs and plantings to separate these areas enhances visual clarity. However, avoiding complete separation and maintaining an appropriate connection creates a cohesive exterior environment.
Ensuring Maintainability.
Since the approach is a frequently used area, ease of cleaning and maintenance is crucial. When planting deciduous trees, it is advisable to consider the cleaning effort involved and select flooring materials that are resistant to visible dirt and easy to clean. Installing a water faucet is convenient for washing and watering plants.
Universal Design Perspective.
Consider reducing steps and incorporating substrates that allow for the installation of handrails, anticipating future wheelchair use and walking in advanced age. An approach that ensures safety and comfort for all users is fundamental to a home that can be lived in for a long time.
View from the Approach.
The views encountered while walking along the approach are a crucial consideration. Seeing the design of the entrance door directly ahead or glimpses of the garden enhances a sense of anticipation. Additionally, taking into account the scenery when looking back ensures the approach feels pleasant both when leaving and returning home.
Harmony and Integration with the Building.
Designing the approach in unity with the building's exterior creates a cohesive sense of unity throughout the entire site. Utilizing the same materials for the gateposts as the exterior walls, or matching color tones, achieves a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing residence. By planning the landscaping and exterior works concurrently with the building, rather than postponing them, a more refined and sophisticated finish can be expected.
Q&A
House with a Doma|Stylish Residential Approaches|Q&A
What is the practical size to allocate for a doma (earthen floor space)?
The appropriate size varies depending on its intended use, but an area of approximately 4 to 6 tatami mats allows for versatile functionality. For storage of bicycles or strollers, 2 to 3 tatami mats may suffice. Considering the family composition and lifestyle, it is advisable to design with some margin to accommodate potential future changes in use.
What materials are suitable for flooring in earthen-floored spaces (doma)?
Common materials include tamped earth (sanwado), mortar, and tiles. Mortar is relatively inexpensive and provides a clean finish but requires measures to prevent cracking. Tiles offer excellent ease of cleaning and a wide range of design options. Natural tamped earth has moisture-regulating properties but requires regular maintenance. Selection should be made according to the intended use.
How should the boundary between the earthen floor area and the living space be planned?
It is common practice to establish a clear distinction by incorporating a step or level difference. A height difference of approximately 15 to 20 centimeters helps prevent the intrusion of dust and dirt. Using sliding doors or shoji screens as partitions allows for flexible control between openness and privacy. Additionally, to maintain thermal performance, proper insulation and airtightness treatment at the boundary are crucial considerations.
What are the appropriate methods for implementing thermal insulation measures in earthen floors?
The standard practice is to install insulation materials beneath the earthen floor slab, known as slab insulation. It is essential to use airtight gaskets between the foundation and the sill plate to prevent cold air infiltration into the interior. Additionally, an appropriate ventilation strategy is necessary to address condensation issues. Designing with consideration for the overall thermal performance balance of the entire residence is crucial.
Is ventilation equipment necessary for work conducted on earthen floors?
Depending on the nature of the work, we recommend installing exhaust fans to manage odors, humidity, and dust emissions. It is effective to combine mechanical ventilation with natural ventilation. Please also consider integrating the system with a 24-hour ventilation system.
Is it possible to design with an emphasis on the connection between the earthen floor space and the garden?
By incorporating sliding doors that provide direct access from the doma to the garden and creating large openings without level differences, a seamless integration between indoor and outdoor spaces can be achieved. Techniques such as extending the eaves to form a semi-outdoor area or continuing the doma flooring material onto the outdoor terrace are also effective. This approach results in a highly attractive residence that allows for gardening activities even during rainy weather.
How can the approach to the entrance be designed not merely as a passageway but as a space that heightens anticipation?
It is recommended to introduce variation in the flooring materials. For example, arranging large natural stones rhythmically or combining concrete with lush greenery. Additionally, deliberately avoiding a straight path by incorporating gentle curves or bends can prevent the entrance door from being immediately visible, thereby creating a sense of depth and building anticipation as one progresses inward.
How should paving materials for approaches be selected?
It is important to balance aesthetics and functionality. Natural stone and high-quality tiles offer a sense of luxury, but considerations such as slip resistance and maintenance requirements are also essential. Even concrete can convey a refined impression when finished and colored thoughtfully.
Are there any tips for maintaining a beautiful landscape throughout the year with the approach planting?
By primarily using evergreen trees and combining them with deciduous trees and flowering plants that offer different expressions each season, you can create a planting plan rich in seasonal variation. Additionally, the effective use of ground cover plants helps maintain a continuous green appearance while reducing maintenance efforts.
What points should be considered in the lighting plan for an approach?
An ideal lighting arrangement balances safety and aesthetics. Combining footlights that illuminate the ground with spotlights that highlight landscaping and architectural features creates a functional and visually appealing nighttime environment. Ensuring adequate brightness is also crucial from a security perspective.
Are there modern approach designs that suit Japanese-style houses?
By incorporating stone paving arranged in a contemporary rhythm reminiscent of stepping stones and slit lattices inspired by bamboo fences, it is possible to retain traditional Japanese elements while creating a refined impression. Additionally, the strategic placement of moss and wild alpine plants allows for an approach that harmonizes the aesthetic sensibilities of Japanese gardens with modern residential architecture.
What are some design ideas for an approach that maintains privacy while also providing a sense of openness?
By arranging plantings of varying heights in a tiered manner, it is possible to create a natural screening effect while avoiding a sense of confinement. Additionally, using materials such as lattice fences or louvers allows light and air to pass through while appropriately obstructing sightlines, enabling a balance between comfort and privacy.
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