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HowTo
Minimalist Design Residences｜Mixed-Use Residences with Commercial Spaces｜How To
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Beauty Born from Subtraction.
Minimalist design pursues the essential beauty that emerges after eliminating all ornamentation. By meticulously refining the junctions where walls, floors, and ceilings meet and employing techniques to conceal door and window frames, the space reveals a serene expression akin to a singular sculpture. In an environment where the texture of materials themselves and the interplay of light and shadow take center stage, any superfluity is impermissible. -
Refining Materials to Enhance Purity.
By carefully selecting only two to three types of materials, the spatial purity is elevated. For example, a space composed solely of white walls, concrete flooring, and a single type of wood achieves a quiet harmony without the materials competing for attention. Considering "what not to use" from the material selection stage is the starting point of minimal design. -
All Storage Concealed Within the Walls.
To maintain a minimalistic space, it is essential to have a storage plan that completely hides everyday items from view. By dedicating an entire wall to storage and finishing the doors to match the wall surface, or by eliminating handles and using push-to-open mechanisms, the presence of storage can be entirely erased. In living and dining areas, the courage to conceal everything preserves the beauty of minimalism. -
Expressing Space Through the Design of Openings.
The position, size, and proportions of windows determine the character of a minimalist space. How openings are arranged relative to the wall surfaces and how window frames are presented alter the spatial tension. Ideally, the view framed by the window becomes a singular, living artwork. The design of openings is truly where the craftsmanship of minimalist architecture is showcased. -
Understanding the Diversity of White.
Minimalist design frequently employs white; however, white encompasses a myriad of expressions. Pure white paint, off-white plaster, grayish white, and warm ivory each reveal different characteristics depending on how light interacts with them. The process of repeatedly examining samples and selecting the white most appropriate for the space critically influences the refinement of minimalism. -
Integrating Lighting Fixtures into Architecture.
Pendant lights and floor lamps exist as physical objects within a space and are often avoided in minimalist design. Through lighting plans that are integrated with the architecture—such as downlights, indirect lighting, and slit lighting—only light fills the space. By making the fixtures disappear, the purity of the space is further enhanced. -
Designing the Kitchen as an Integral Part of the Architecture.
The kitchen is typically the area where a sense of everyday life is most apparent; however, in minimal design, its presence is erased by integrating it seamlessly with the architecture. The doors are finished identically to the walls, handles are eliminated, and appliances are concealed within cabinetry. By crafting the countertop as if it emerges directly from the wall, it exists not as furniture but as an inherent part of the architectural composition. -
Negative Space Is the Ultimate Luxury.
In minimal design, the value lies in "empty space." A living room without furniture, a corridor devoid of decoration, walls filled with ample negative space—these are not desolate but rather stages for perceiving the invisible elements such as light, breeze, and the passage of time. The essence of minimalism is the courage to embrace and intentionally create negative space without fear. -
Creating Spaciousness Through Floor Continuity.
By unifying the flooring across all rooms using the same material and installation direction, a visual sense of spaciousness and tranquility is achieved. The absence of boundaries allows the space to be perceived as a single, expansive vessel, completing a minimalist aesthetic. The choice of flooring material is a crucial factor that influences the overall cohesion of the space. -
Integrate Joinery Seamlessly into the Wall.
By finishing doors and sliding panels with the same material and color as the wall, they visually disappear when closed, becoming part of the wall itself. Omitting visible frames and employing full-height doors that extend from floor to ceiling minimizes the presence of the openings. This seamless integration of joinery into the architecture maintains the spatial purity. -
The Exterior Reflects the Same Philosophy as the Interior.
Minimalist design demands a consistent aesthetic on the exterior as well. By eliminating superfluous ornamentation and employing a clear volumetric composition with minimal openings, a serene presence is created. Exterior wall materials are unified using a single material, and elements such as rain gutters and outdoor air conditioning units are carefully planned to remain inconspicuous. The alignment of interior and exterior design philosophies enhances the overall architectural integrity. -
Selecting Materials That Embrace the Passage of Time.
In minimal design, choosing materials that evolve over time adds depth to the space. Solid wood deepens in color, plaster gains character, and concrete develops texture. Selecting materials with consideration not only for their initial beauty but also for their appearance 10 or 20 years later creates a home that is cherished for the long term. -
Store Layout and Visibility
The visibility of a store from the street significantly impacts customer attraction. It is common practice to position the store on the first floor facing the street; however, site conditions may require innovative solutions. Planning that draws the attention of passersby, including the design of signage and the facade, is essential. At the same time, the layout and level differences should be carefully considered to ensure the privacy of residential areas. -
Securing Parking Spaces.
When operating a commercial establishment, it may be necessary to provide parking spaces for customers. The required number of spaces varies depending on the type of business and its scale, but having adequate parking facilities is advantageous for attracting clientele. It is also advisable to consider planning that separates family and visitor parking or allocates spaces based on time of use. -
Circulation Planning for Interior and Exterior.
By separating the circulation routes of customers and family members, privacy is maintained while enabling efficient operations. Providing separate entrances for the commercial space and the residence, as well as designing a service corridor connecting the store to the residence as a back route, facilitates a clear distinction between living and working environments. -
Consideration for Sound and Odor.
In industries such as restaurants and beauty salons where sound and odor are generated, it is essential to implement measures that minimize their impact on residential areas. Enhancing ventilation systems, incorporating soundproofing materials within walls, and creating buffer zones by placing storage or wet areas between commercial and residential spaces help maintain a comfortable living environment. -
Equipment Planning and Capacity Assurance.
In commercial spaces, such as retail stores, there is often a demand for high-capacity utilities including commercial kitchen appliances, beauty equipment, and HVAC systems that require substantial electricity, water, and gas supplies. It is essential to secure adequate utility capacity specifically for the commercial use, separate from residential provisions. Planning for plumbing and electrical systems should be conducted in close consultation with industry professionals to ensure optimal performance and compliance. -
Barrier-Free and Universal Design.
The commercial areas require barrier-free design to ensure ease of use for all customers. Eliminating entrance steps, installing ramps and handrails, and providing wheelchair-accessible restrooms contribute to creating a store environment that is welcoming to everyone. It is also necessary to verify compliance with building codes and local regulations, as these features may be mandated by law. -
Design of Signage and Exterior Finishes.
The storefront facade and signage are critical elements that represent the identity of the establishment. It is essential to express the store’s individuality while ensuring harmony with the overall architectural design of the building. Since there are regulations concerning outdoor advertising, it is important to verify the size and installation methods of signage in advance. Additionally, lighting design plays an effective role in attracting customers during nighttime. -
Layout of Restrooms and Wet Areas
By providing restrooms dedicated to the commercial space, the privacy of the residential area can be preserved. In the case of restaurants, it is essential to consider the circulation between the kitchen and restrooms when planning the layout. Locating the commercial and residential wet areas in close proximity can enable efficient consolidation of plumbing systems, potentially reducing construction costs. -
Crime Prevention and Security.
Since the commercial area contains cash and merchandise, implementing crime prevention measures is essential. Consider installing shutters, security cameras, and security systems. Additionally, plan the placement of locks and doors to prevent unauthorized internal access from the commercial space to the residential area, taking into account potential intrusion routes. -
Adaptation for Future Changes in Use.
It is advisable to anticipate how the space will be utilized after the store closes. Designing the space to be convertible for residential use or planning it to be leasable as a rental commercial unit allows for flexibility in response to changes in life stages. Incorporating versatile layouts and facilities is key to maintaining long-term asset value. -
Consideration for Neighbors and Notifications.
Operating a commercial establishment can impact the surrounding environment. It is essential to maintain consideration for neighbors from the planning stage, addressing factors such as business hours, parking usage, noise, and odors. Depending on the type of business, it may be necessary to submit notifications to public health authorities or the police department, so prior verification is required. -
Balance Between Living and Working.
The greatest appeal of a live-work residence is the elimination of commuting time, allowing work and daily life to be in close proximity. However, this arrangement also presents the challenge of blurred boundaries between professional and personal spaces. To ensure a comfortable and sustainable lifestyle in a live-work dwelling, it is essential not only to physically separate the spaces but also to establish clear temporal distinctions and maintain effective communication with family members. Thoughtful planning that addresses these factors is key to achieving a well-balanced living environment.
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Q&A
Minimalist Design Residences｜Mixed-Use Residences with Commercial Spaces｜Q&A
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What are the key points in creating a minimalistic house?
It is important to value the 'aesthetics of subtraction.' This involves stripping away decorations to highlight the inherent beauty of materials and the spatial expansiveness. By meticulously planning storage and carefully selecting only the essentials for daily living, a comfortable living space with ample breathing room is created. -
How should lighting be considered in a minimalist design house?
It is ideal to maximize the use of natural light while minimizing artificial lighting to only what is necessary. Effectively arrange indirect lighting and downlights to create depth in the space through the contrast of light and shadow. It is also advisable to select lighting fixtures with simple designs. -
How should storage be planned in a minimalist house?
Storage should be fundamentally designed as "concealed storage," effectively incorporating wall-mounted storage units and built-in furniture. By organizing storage along the daily circulation paths and assigning fixed locations for items based on their frequency of use, the space can be maintained in a consistently tidy and uncluttered state. -
Please share tips for selecting furniture in a minimalistic space.
It is essential to carefully select high-quality furniture that combines functionality and design, ensuring long-term use. Choosing furniture with linear and simple forms, and unifying materials and color tones, creates a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing environment throughout the space. -
Is it possible to create a child-friendly environment in a minimalist home?
It is entirely feasible. When designing a kids' space, it is essential to incorporate systems that allow for neat storage of toys and school supplies. By employing a flexible spatial design that can adapt as children grow, the minimalist aesthetic can be maintained throughout changing life stages. -
Can a minimal house reduce costs?
While having fewer elements may give the impression of being more affordable, this is not necessarily the case. Minimal spaces, which leave little room for concealment, directly reflect the quality of materials and construction precision. As a result, higher levels of craftsmanship and associated costs may be required, particularly in the detailing. -
What should be prioritized when planning a mixed-use building combining a retail space and a residence?
The "circulation plan" is crucial. It is important to clearly separate the circulation paths used by customers in the retail area from those used by the family in the residential space to protect both privacy and comfort. Designing separate entrances and approaches for each, as well as allowing access to the residence through a back-of-house area, are key strategies. A well-considered plan that distinctly differentiates public and private zones is essential for success. -
Are there any design strategies employed to ensure privacy and quietness in the residential areas?
A layout that inserts buffer spaces such as storage rooms, corridors, and wet areas between the commercial and residential zones is effective in mitigating sound transmission. Additionally, enhancing the sound insulation performance of walls and floors is crucial to prevent noise from the commercial activities from affecting the residential areas. Careful placement of residential windows to avoid direct lines of sight from the store entrances and customers is also essential. -
Is it possible to balance the appeal of a commercial space with the tranquility of a residential area in the exterior design?
Certainly. For example, the ground floor commercial area can be designed with glass facades to create an open and inviting atmosphere, while the residential floors above can feature textured walls to convey a sense of calm and privacy, effectively differentiating each level. Alternatively, maintaining a cohesive overall architectural language throughout the building while expressing the commercial identity through elements such as signage, canopies, and lighting fixtures is also a sophisticated approach. -
Are there any points to be mindful of when planning parking spaces for a mixed-use building combining a store and residence?
It is ideal to plan separate parking spaces for customers and residents. Customer parking should be located close to the store for easy access, while resident parking should prioritize privacy. Additionally, consideration should be given to parking and unloading areas for delivery vehicles, ensuring sufficient width and turning space to create an operationally efficient environment. -
What constitutes an approach to a store that customers perceive as 'easy to enter'?
It is essential that the path from the street to the store entrance is open and offers clear sightlines. Eliminating steps and incorporating barrier-free design considerations that allow smooth access for strollers and wheelchairs also enhance the store's impression. Additionally, a glass façade that provides a glimpse of the interior from outside, warm lighting, and well-maintained landscaping all contribute to lowering the psychological barriers for customers to enter the store. -
In the future, there is a possibility that the type of business in the store may change, or it may be rented out as a residence. What kind of preparations can be made?
Anticipating future adaptability, it is recommended to adopt the concept of 'skeleton and infill,' keeping the floor plan as simple as possible without subdividing spaces with many walls. This approach facilitates easier modifications to the layout and interior renovations down the line. Additionally, planning plumbing for wet areas in a way that allows for easy relocation or expansion is an effective measure to accommodate future changes.
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